Vitamin deficiency in goats symptoms. Non-contagious diseases of goats, identification of symptoms and treatment

Like a child, he requires increased attention.

Until the baby gets stronger, he needs special living conditions, and an improved diet for the mother will make it possible to develop immunity. Diseases most often affect individuals up to two months of age.

The gastrointestinal tract of a newborn goat cannot yet fully function. There are several diseases associated with this that can affect the animal. Diseases of kids, symptoms and treatment can be varied, the main thing is to respond to them in a timely manner.

Worms

This disease can cause complications on the cardiovascular system and liver. Veterinarians do not recommend leaving such individuals. Of course, in a year the kid can recover, but the baby is saved in exceptional cases.

Stomach upset

An unformed digestive system can malfunction. More often, indigestion occurs as a result of overeating milk or. Symptoms of the disease:

• animal weakness
• Possibly bloated stomach
• loss of appetite
• diarrhea
• vomit

There is no need to worry about such symptoms; this often happens in small goats. You do not need to take any medications for treatment. It is enough to fast for a day, and the functioning of the stomach will be restored.

You can also feed dry hay without any impurities and give it a decoction.

To prepare it you will need horse sorrel, chamomile or elecampane.

60 grams of dry herbs need to be poured with a liter of water and boiled over low heat for half an hour.

The main task is to provide assistance at birth, suck out mucus from the nasopharynx, and cut the umbilical cord with a sterile instrument to avoid suppuration and inflammation. Observe the temperature and feeding regime for up to a month. At the first signs of weakness, it is important to provide assistance to the kid so as not to provoke complications that can lead to death.

About the secrets of goat breeding and the treatment of some diseases of goat kids - in the video:

The development of diseases occurs in the event of the introduction of a pathogen into the farm, violation of housing and feeding conditions, and inadequate level of sanitation. It is important to know how to correctly determine that an animal is unwell.

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Non-communicable diseases

Such ailments arise as a result of:

• injuries;
• insufficient or improper nutrition;
• ingestion of low-quality food;
• lack of hygiene;
• improper care;
• intoxication with pesticides or poisonous plants.

If the goat is healthy, then it is active and has a good appetite. When an animal loses milk, its heartbeat quickens, its temperature rises, and there is no appetite, it means it is sick. It is necessary to find out the cause of the development of the disease.



Avitaminosis (hypovitaminosis)

Most often, vitamin deficiency occurs in kids and young animals. This happens when food lacks vitamins A, B, C, D, E and minerals. Symptoms of the disease include:

• growth slowdown;
• unsure gait;
• loss of appetite;
• convulsions;
• leg failure.

In adult animals, reproductive function deteriorates.

Vitamin deficiency is treated by replenishing the lack of essential vitamins:

• The lack of vitamin A is compensated by feeding high-quality hay, carrots, fish oil, and supplements containing retinol.
• Vitamin B is found in carrots, sprouted grains, and bran. Due to its deficiency, kids get rickets, become weak, their bones become bent, and constipation and diarrhea occur.
• Large amounts of vitamin D are found in yeast, meat and bone meal, and milk.

In severe cases, the veterinarian administers vitamins intramuscularly. To prevent pathology, goat kids should be walked more often and fed a variety of foods. The room where they are kept must be well ventilated and dry.



Gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines. Its development can be triggered by ingestion of the following:

• poor quality feed;
• rotten beets or potatoes;
• food containing heavy metals;
• moldy crackers, bread, cake, grain waste.

The disease occurs when kids are fed milk from a goat that has mastitis, as well as when young animals suddenly switch to plant foods.

When the disease develops, the animal experiences the following symptoms:

• appetite decreases (or completely disappears);
• constipation or diarrhea occurs;
• Lumps of mucus and a large amount of undigested food appear in the stool.

If you press on the stomach, the goat bleats pitifully. Symptoms are accompanied by rapid breathing and fever.

Treatment begins with bowel cleansing. To do this, the animal is not fed for a day, but only given water to drink (in large quantities). 50–80 grams of an 8% solution of Glauber's salt are used as a laxative.

To flush the intestines, do an enema with warm water and activated charcoal. After this, disinfection is carried out with Salol. The drug (3–8 g) is dissolved in chamomile decoction. Any astringent containing tannin can be given.

With gastroenteritis, goats lose a lot of fluid, resulting in dehydration. To compensate for the lack of fluid, a 1–3% solution of table salt and a 1% solution of glucose (2 mg each) are administered intravenously. Antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs are used as treatment.



Dyspepsia

The disease often affects newborn goats. The reasons for its development include improper nutrition of animals in the late stages of pregnancy and after birth, leading to a decrease in the quality of milk. Because of this, goat kids:

• metabolism worsens;
• digestion spoils;
• dehydration occurs;
• Toxins begin to accumulate in the body.

Sick kids become lethargic, refuse to eat, and develop gray-yellow diarrhea with a very unpleasant odor. Treatment begins as quickly as possible, since the lambs die on the 4th day.

Sick animals are isolated. They are not fed for 6–12 hours, and then given an aqueous solution of sodium chloride or plain boiled water. When the kids' condition improves, they are allowed to approach the udder. If necessary, use Fthalazol or Sulgin.

Colibacillosis

This disease is called "wet tail". It is characterized by foul-smelling diarrhea mixed with large amounts of mucus and blood. Most often, goats aged from several weeks to several months suffer from the disease. Their fragile immune system cannot resist the development of pathology.

Treatment is carried out with antibiotics, colibacterial serums, and probiotics.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia can develop as a result of stress or another disease that reduces immunity. The development of the disease is caused by poor quality nutrition and lack of vitamin A.

Symptoms of pneumonia are:

• lethargy;
• wheezing in the lungs;
• cough;
• decreased appetite;
• oppression;
• mucus and pus discharged from the nose;
• temperature increase;
• high pulse;
• rapid breathing.



If signs of pneumonia appear, the animal should be isolated by placing it in a dry, well-ventilated room. Sick goats are fed only high-quality food. To replenish the supply of vitamins, solutions of vitamins A and D are injected subcutaneously. Goats are given fish oil.

Sick animals are treated with norsulfazole (0.05 g of the drug per 1 kg of goat weight 2 times a day) and penicillin (200,000–500,000 units every day for a week).

Ketosis

Ketosis often occurs in goats during pregnancy. The disease develops due to improper feeding (excess of concentrates and lack of haylage feed). As a result, metabolism is disrupted and acetonemic syndrome occurs.

Signs of ketosis include:

• decreased appetite (or complete absence);
• sluggishness of movements;
• drowsiness;
• slow reaction;
• smell of acetone from the mouth;
• constipation;
• increased heart rate and breathing.

Treatment of the disease consists of dietary changes. Food containing proteins should be added to the diet. The main food for ketosis is high-quality silage and hay. It is necessary to reduce the consumption of potatoes and concentrates, eliminate stillage, silage, pulp, and spoiled foods.

It is necessary to normalize blood glucose levels. For this:

• use microelements and vitamin complexes, sodium gluconate;
• a 10% glucose solution is administered intravenously;
• give propylene glycol, chlorinol, sodium lactate with food.

Baking soda helps reduce stomach acid.

Mastitis

Mastitis is inflammation of the mammary gland after lambing. The causes of the disease are udder injuries, improper milking, keeping in a cold room or unsanitary conditions.

Signs of mastitis include:

• swelling of the udder;
• hardening of the diseased area (it may become hot);
• the appearance of flakes and pus in the milk.

Treatment of mastitis at home is aimed at reducing the tumor and normalizing the lactation process. To reduce milk yield, the animal’s diet is changed, all succulent feed is removed, and a laxative is given.



A compress is applied to a sick goat:

• liquid clay is mixed with vinegar (2-3 tablespoons of vinegar per liter of water);
• applied to the sore udder.

After this, make a compress from thistle. Two tablespoons of crushed plant are diluted with a tablespoon of water.

If the swelling does not subside for a long time, then lead, zinc or iodine ointment is used. On the fourth day, warm compresses are made from camphor alcohol, warm wraps using ichthyol ointment or camphor oil. In severe cases, a 0.25% solution of novocaine is administered intravenously.

Acute tympany

Tympany or acute bloating requires immediate treatment, otherwise the animal will die. The disease develops due to a large accumulation of gases in the intestines or rumen. The main cause is eating dew-covered plants or too much green fodder. Such food causes strong fermentation. The situation is aggravated by giving the animal water immediately after feeding or grazing. The goat's stomach becomes very bloated and it loses its appetite.

To release gases, the animal is placed vertically on its hind hooves and the abdomen is massaged. To restore belching, the goat's tongue is pulled out and twisted straw is inserted into the mouth, irritating the velum of the throat.

Gases can be removed using an esophageal tube. If such methods do not help, the scar is punctured. The operation is performed by a veterinarian. In especially severe cases, an incision is made in the scar through which the contents are removed.

Cracked nipples

Cracks on the surface of the nipples are caused by inept milking, unclean keeping, and rough bedding. In advanced cases, the goat begins to develop mastitis. To cure the animal, the udder is treated with an aqueous solution of boric acid. After this, the problem areas are lubricated with ghee or Vaseline.



For quick healing, cracks are treated with:

• propolis ointment;
• a mixture of boiled wax and vegetable oil.

You can apply a compress made from an alcohol tincture of nettle leaves or a cut aloe leaf to the cracks.

Infectious diseases

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens that enter the body of goats along with food, through lesions on the skin or in other ways.

Many of them are dangerous to humans.

Brucellosis

The causative agent of brucellosis is the bacterium Brucella melitensis. An animal becomes infected through sexual contact, through food, or when the skin is damaged during milking. Symptoms of the disease include:

• frequent miscarriages;
• swelling of the testes in goats.

A person can become infected with brucellosis through cheese or milk.

The disease has no cure. Sick animals are destroyed. The places where they are kept are disinfected.

As a preventative measure, the herd is inspected twice a year.

Pleuropneumonia

The causative agent of the disease is a virus that affects the pleura and lungs. The disease is very contagious and occurs in an acute form. Young goats (up to three years of age) are most susceptible to developing the disease.

Signs of pathology include:

• rapid increase in temperature;
• lack of chewing gum and appetite;
• the appearance of muscle tremors;
• the occurrence of a dry cough that turns into a wet one.



Copious mucus appears from the nose, the goat breathes hoarsely and heavily. In the hyperacute form, blood poisoning develops. The animal dies within 12–16 hours.

Sick goats are isolated and the premises are disinfected. The virus is unstable in the external environment and can be easily disinfected. At the initial stage of the disease, treatment with Novarsenol shows good results. It is advisable to give the animal cardiac medications.

Necrobacteriosis (hoof disease)

With this disease, goats' hooves are affected - the crumbs, the corolla, the interhoof gap. The source of infection is sick or recovered animals that excrete the pathogen with dead tissue, saliva and feces. Microorganisms penetrate through scratches and wounds on the mucous membranes and skin.

Infected goats begin to limp, the tissues of the hoofs become swollen, and pus is released from them. In advanced cases, the horny shoe separates, lesions appear on the oral mucosa, and the animal loses its appetite.

Necrobacteriosis is treated with complex measures:

• affected areas are disinfected;
• goats are given drugs that strengthen the immune system;
• antibiotics are used - Terramycin, Cobactan.



If necessary, surgical intervention is performed.

Footrot

The causative agent of the disease is the bacillus Bacteroides nodosus, which can live in hoof tissue for up to 5 years. Infection with it causes the appearance of characteristic symptoms:

• the sick animal limps, curls up and licks its leg;
• the skin in the interhoof space becomes red and inflamed, hair falls out and swelling occurs;
• purulent discharge appears that has an unpleasant odor;
• The goat loses its appetite and loses weight.

In severe cases, gangrene develops.

Sick animals are isolated in a dry room. If necessary, the affected hoof tissue is surgically removed. The tissues are washed with disinfecting solutions (for example, formaldehyde). After this, treatment with antibiotics is carried out.

foot and mouth disease

Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious disease of cattle caused by the RNA virus. It occurs in an acute form and spreads quickly. Infection occurs through pastures, places of detention, and from other animals. The kids suffer greatly from the disease, up to half of which die.

The course of the disease has a characteristic clinical picture:

• swelling, redness, ulcers and blisters appear on the crumb in the interhoof gap, on the crown of the hooves, the udder and in the oral cavity;
• a sticky liquid oozes from the ulcers;
• animals begin to limp;
• drooling, depression, lethargy appear;
• temperature rises;
• loss of appetite;
• Milk yields drop significantly.

There is no specific treatment for this disease. It is important to prevent the infection from spreading. To do this, sick animals are isolated and the milk is boiled. The premises are disinfected with a hot solution of iodine monochloride.

Sick goats are fed light food, and their mouths are washed several times a day with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. The affected areas are treated with a disinfecting solution, and the hooves are lubricated with warm birch tar. After a week, the animals recover and acquire immunity.

Dictyocaulosis is treated with an aqueous solution of iodine, which is injected into the trachea using a syringe (using the correct dosage). A 25% aqueous solution of Ditrazine is also administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly.

Linognathosis

This is a fairly common disease caused by lice. Goats become infected through contact with sick animals or when using the same care items. With linognathosis, goats experience itching, decreased appetite, and decreased milk yield. Hair may fall out, and extensive dermatitis may form in the head, neck and chest area.

Treatment begins with disinfection of the room. Helps to fight lice:

• chlorophos;
• karbofos;
• Phoxim.

Piroplasmosis

The causative agents of the disease are protozoan microorganisms that infect red blood cells. Infection occurs through the bite of a carrier tick. In a sick animal, the pulse quickens, the temperature rises, the mucous membranes become yellow, appetite disappears, diarrhea and blood appear in the urine, and anemia occurs.



Sick goats are isolated and fed high-quality dietary food. Treatment is carried out with Azidine and Diamedine. Carry out symptomatic therapy.

The occurrence of some goat diseases can be avoided if you follow preventive measures: feed high-quality food, keep them in good conditions, and examine animals for infection.

Domestic goats are the most unpretentious animals. Symptoms of goat disease and their treatment depend on the physical condition of the animals. The stronger the body, the easier the disease is, and the more difficult it is to make a diagnosis. However, if missed in the acute stage, the disease becomes chronic and waits in the wings.

Types of goat herd diseases

Only the owner of the herd, who constantly monitors the behavior of the animals, will understand from minor signs that the goat is sick. But a doctor can accurately diagnose and prescribe medications. All diseases can be divided into several categories:

Often the symptoms of goat disease are vague, and treatment is prescribed by a specialist. In the case of a non-contagious disease, the animal is not separated from the herd; in other cases, measures are taken to prevent the disease from spreading.

Non-communicable diseases arise from improper feeding and maintenance. The animal is restless, and often the attempt to take the barrier ends in injury. Non-communicable diseases include inflammatory processes associated with colds, especially in goats after lambing. If there is no bacterial or microbial process, the animal can be left in the herd.

All diseases of a bacterial, viral, microbial nature are transmitted through shared utensils, feces, sniffing and milk. If such symptoms exist and goat diseases are treated with antibiotics, the animal should be isolated.

Diseases of dairy goats

The goat from which we drink milk must be healthy. But it is the goat’s strong immunity and patience, when there is no apparent reason to do tests, that introduces poison instead of a healing product.

Even before lambing, the housewife must make sure that she is launching a healthy goat. Stop milking the goat 4-6 weeks before lambing. A few days before the onset of birth, succulent feed is excluded, and mixed feed is replaced with bran. The goat has been protected from colds and injuries for the last month. It will be difficult for a fat goat to lamb, so they give roughage, but not succulent feed.

To prevent the udder from becoming rough, even before birth, excess colostrum is milked and stored in the refrigerator to be given to the newborn goats to drink. Diseases in goats after lambing are associated with ruptures, loss of placenta, or uterine prolapse. All these are studied consequences and with the help of a veterinarian everything can be cured. The main thing is not to bring the infection inside at this time.

Lambing should be carried out in a clean, dry area.

Postpartum infection occurs when microbes colonize the birth canal. The temperature rises to 41 0 and the goat becomes lethargic. It is impossible not to treat - the animal will die.

Udder diseases

Now think about untreated infections. A weakened animal with low immunity is their prey. It is at this moment that udder diseases in goats begin. It is easy to lose milk if hygienic and climatic conditions are not observed. Inflammation of the udder can be primary; the infection penetrates from a dirty bedding or towel through open nipples.

A lump may appear on the goat's udder. This is the result of a staph infection that entered through the hair follicles and caused an abscess. This is a very painful manifestation, similar to a human boil.

If suppuration has begun, it is accelerated by applying ichthyol ointment, Vaseline with calendula. Broken open wounds are disinfected with iodine or alcohol. The core of the abscess is treated with a solution of penicillin and streptocide and the wound is healed using medical and folk remedies.

Cracks in the nipple occur during milking, when hygiene is not maintained and the skin becomes dry. The cracks will make themselves known in blood.

Care, disinfection, lubrication with baby cream will correct the situation. A goat can damage the udder with its horns if it itches. See if there are any insects.

The udder, filled with milk, consists of delicate tissue that is easily injured by rough handling. A swollen udder is painful, blood may appear, the disease resembles in all respects. Only a light massage, compresses and warming ointments will save the situation.

For all of the listed diseases, milk can be given to a kid or eaten, if there is no foreign odor from the care products.

With mastitis, a disease of the udder in goats, milk becomes unusable. Bacteria that cause inflammation develop in the milk ducts, and together with the milk they can infect kids and people.

Mastitis is distinguished:

• streptococcal;
• serous;
• gangrenous;
• catarrhal

Regardless of the type of bacteria, they multiply quickly in favorable conditions, and visible signs of the disease are the appearance of blood, tracts, mucus, and lumps in the milk that clog the milk ducts.

Folk remedies can alleviate the condition of the nurse, but specially selected antibiotics can kill the infection. To preserve the gastric microflora at this time, the doctor prescribes additional medications and vitamins.

Video about stomach diseases in goats

Let's talk about the most unpleasant part. About various diseases and ailments of our beloved animals. How to recognize where to start and what to do in such cases. Let's talk about all this in order.

First of all, you need to remember and understand that any disease is easier to prevent than to treat. Proper maintenance, care, feeding and prevention are the key to the health of your animals. But, if trouble comes and you notice something is wrong, you need to take immediate action. Under no circumstances should you leave it to chance.

Healthy animals have a cheerful appearance and a good appetite. Their body temperature usually fluctuates between 38.5-39.5°C, pulse - between 70-80 beats, and the number of respirations - from 15 to 20 per minute. Sick goats eat poorly or refuse to feed, have a depressed appearance, and have difficulty moving: in the vast majority of diseases, their temperature rises, their pulse quickens, and shortness of breath appears.

NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES These are diseases of goats that develop, as a rule, due to improper housing, feeding, poisoning with toxic substances, and various types of injuries. ACUTE TYMPANIA The disease develops with rapid excessive gas formation in the rumen and impaired belching. Occurs due to improper feeding - grazing animals after rain on a pasture with legumes, feeding goats in large quantities with feed that causes fermentation.

Serious illness. It develops very quickly. If measures are not taken in time, death is inevitable. WE ADVISE YOU TO WATCH THE VIDEO from Natalia Boldenkova

Symptoms The abdomen rapidly increases in volume; there is no chewing gum; the animal refuses to eat and looks back. Treatment If bloating is detected, the animal is deprived of food. If help is not provided immediately, the disease ends in death. First, they try to free the rumen from gases by lifting the goat by the front legs to a standing position, massage the abdomen, and pour cold water over the sides of the goat. In some cases, probing is used. A solution of ichthyol or creolin is given inside. To prevent the occurrence of this disease, before releasing goats onto pastures with lush green food, they must first be fed with hay or straw. GASTROENTERITIS When feeding poor-quality and spoiled feed, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines begins. The disease can also develop when young animals suddenly switch to plant foods or are fed milk obtained from goats with mastitis. Symptoms The goat loses its appetite; constipation gives way to diarrhea; undigested food particles, mucus, and rarely blood are noticed in the feces; the temperature rises; breathing quickens. Treatment First of all, the animal is deprived of food for a day, leaving a sufficient amount of clean water. Gradually they begin to provide high-quality hay and chopped oats. Antibiotics and sulfa drugs are used orally as treatment. DYSPEPSIA A disease of newborn goats caused by digestive and metabolic disorders, resulting in dehydration and intoxication of the body. It appears when goats are fed unbalanced during the third period of gestation and after lambing, causing the quality of colostrum to deteriorate and the stability of the goat kids’ body to be reduced. Symptoms The kids begin to have foul, yellow-gray diarrhea; animals refuse to eat and lie down more; notice bloating in the abdominal area; temperature is often below normal. Treatment Treatment begins at the first manifestations of the disease, otherwise death occurs after 4-5 days. Sick kids are kept separately and feeding is stopped for 6-12 hours. Drink a warm solution of sodium chloride or boiled water inside several times a day. If the dynamics are positive, the kid is allowed to visit its mother. Antibiotics, phthalazole, and sulgin are also used for treatment. PNEUMONIA (pneumonia) In most cases, this is a secondary disease that accompanies other diseases. It develops when the immunity of animals is weakened as a result of stress, hypothermia, overheating, inhalation of polluted air, unbalanced diet, etc. Symptoms: The condition of the goats becomes depressed; appetite decreases; cough and wheezing appear in the lungs; mucous discharge from the nose gradually becomes purulent; the temperature rises; breathing and pulse quicken. Treatment Sick goats are transferred to separate dry, ventilated rooms. They are fed high-quality hay, concentrated and mineral feed. Norsulfazole and penicillin are prescribed internally. Goat kids are given fish oil. AVITAMINOSIS or HYPOVITAMINOSIS Develops when there is a deficiency of vitamins A, B, C, D, and E in the diet of animals. Symptoms In young animals, growth retardation and nervous system disorders are noted (convulsions, unsteady gait, paralysis of the limbs, etc.). In adult goats, a lack of vitamins negatively affects reproductive function. Treatment For vitamin A deficiency, animals are given fish oil and supplements containing retinol; B vitamins are found in bran, carrots, and sprouted grains. Meat and bone meal, milk, yeast are rich in vitamin D. KETOSIS The disease develops at the late stage of gestation with improper feeding (excess of concentrates and lack of fiber). Associated with metabolic disorders and increased levels of ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetic acid) in the blood. Symptoms The first symptoms of ketosis are decreased or complete absence of appetite; weakening of hearing and vision may develop; trembling of the facial muscles; grinding of teeth; reflex reactions are dulled. Treatment of pregnant uteruses before and after birth is provided with balanced feeding and adequate walking. To treat ketosis, methionine, sodium gluconate, and glucose are prescribed. Make nutritional adjustments. POISONING Occurs when animals eat feed treated with pesticides, as well as pasture plants containing toxins. Symptoms Depending on the poison, goats show signs such as: indigestion (diarrhea, refusal to feed, vomiting); dysfunction of the nervous system (convulsions, paralysis, loss of vision, etc.); rapid breathing and pulse. Treatment In case of poisoning, the animal's stomach is washed out by intubation, laxatives, mucous decoction, and activated carbon are given. If there is information about poisoning by a specific toxic substance, specific antidotes are used. MASTITIS A disease characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland of goats. Mastitis develops due to improper milking, udder injuries and keeping animals in dirty, damp and cold rooms.

Symptoms: The affected portion of the udder hardens and becomes hot; The milk you give contains flakes and sometimes pus. Treatment includes mandatory antibiotic therapy, the udder is lubricated with camphor oil or lard. Milk is milked from it as often as possible. In case of severe inflammation, the animal is given a laxative and prescribed a strict diet. FURUNCULOSIS OF THE UDDER Inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles on the udder with the release of pus. The disease is observed during lactation when goats are kept improperly.

Symptoms A characteristic sign is the appearance on the skin of the animal’s udder of bumps of varying sizes (foci of inflammation), in the center of which the hair root is located. Gradually the skin becomes red or yellowish. The affected areas feel firm and painful to the touch. Pus from the opened boil ends up on the adjacent skin, where new pustules develop. Treatment The skin of the udder is thoroughly washed with warm water and soap or a disinfectant solution, removing all dried crusts. The wool is cut. Inflamed cones are treated with iodine solution. CRACKS IN THE TEAPTS Formed when goats are milked improperly or kept on poor quality bedding. Cracks are noticed during milking. When pathogenic bacteria enter the damaged area, mastitis can develop. For treatment, the animal's udder is treated with boric acid, then the nipples are lubricated with Vaseline. INJURIES Open wounds are washed with a weakly concentrated solution of potassium permanganate, treated with iodine, and sprinkled with naphthalene. In case of a fracture of the limb, a splint is applied and bandaged tightly, limiting the animal’s mobility. In case of a bruise, the hair on the injured area is cut off, treated with an iodine solution and bandaged. If pebbles or splinters get into the hoof crevice, the foreign body is removed, the excess horn is cut off, and the inflamed area in the area of ​​the animal’s hoof is washed with a disinfectant solution. RHEUMATISM The disease occurs in goats when kept in damp and cold rooms. With muscular rheumatism, the muscles harden and touching the goat causes pain. For treatment, animals are kept in a dry room, and camphor alcohol is rubbed into painful areas. With articular rheumatism, the joints of the legs swell, the animal's temperature rises, lameness develops, and appetite decreases. Sodium salicylic acid is given orally. The affected joints are rubbed with an ointment containing turpentine, vegetable oil and ammonia. INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF GOATS Contagious diseases that are caused by harmful microorganisms that have entered the animal's body. Goats can infect humans with some diseases. INFECTIOUS PLEUROPNEUMONIA Microorganisms of the Mycoplasma genus cause inflammation of the lungs and pleura. Mostly goats up to 3 years of age are affected. Infection occurs through contact with sick and recovering goats, which excrete the pathogen through coughing, nasal discharge and urine.

Symptoms The development of the disease begins with a rapid increase in body temperature; animals refuse to eat; there is no chewing gum; lethargic state; muscle tremors appear; a dry cough develops, followed by a wet one; mucopurulent nasal discharge; the animal's breathing is difficult, accompanied by wheezing. Treatment Sick goats are isolated and the room is disinfected. When the first symptoms of the disease appear, novarsenol with glucose and osarsol are prescribed. INFECTIOUS MASTITIS The disease develops when a pathogenic pathogen enters the udder. The source of the disease is goats with mastitis and microbial carrier animals.

Symptoms: The affected portion of the udder is enlarged, hard; the skin has a blue-violet color; At first, a watery liquid is released from the udder, then blood with pus; temperature rises; there is no chewing gum; refusal of food. Treatment Sick goats are transferred to a separate room, the udder is massaged and often milked. Treatment begins with intramuscular injections of penicillin, erythromycin, and norsulfazole is given orally. Streptomycin or special drugs are administered to animals through the teat canal of the udder to prevent the development of bacteria. BRUCELLOSIS An infectious disease of animals, dangerous for humans. The microbe is released from the body of sick goats during abortion, with amniotic fluid and blood. Infection with brucellosis occurs through food, sick animals, and water. Animals with brucellosis are slaughtered and the premises are disinfected. NECROBACTERIOSIS (hoof disease) Manifests itself in damage to the interhoof fissure, crumbs and corolla. Animals become infected from sick and recovered goats, which excrete the pathogen in feces, saliva and necrotic tissue. Bacteria penetrate through damaged skin and mucous membranes.

Symptoms A characteristic sign of the disease is lameness; in goats, swelling of the hoof tissue is noted; purulent-necrotic changes appear; in advanced cases, the horny shoe may fall off, the lips and mucous membrane of the mouth are affected; loss of appetite. Treatment Treatment must be comprehensive. All affected areas are treated with disinfectants. At the initial stage, long-acting antibiotics (Terramycin, Cobactan) are used and drugs that strengthen the immune system are prescribed. Local surgical treatment is also performed. HOOF ROT The disease is characterized by putrefactive decay of the hoof horn, and detachment of the sole and walls of the hoof occurs.